Cctv news Experts from the Forum of 30 Circulation People in China put forward an idea to encourage China supermarket enterprises to enter the markets of five Central Asian countries along the "Silk Road Economic Belt" and establish a "Silk Road Supermarket". To this end, Ma Longlong, vice chairman of the 30-member China Circulation Forum, and Zhi Li, a young expert, wrote to the leaders of the Ministry of Commerce, proposing to establish a "Silk Road Supermarket" and held an expert seminar.

　　According to Ma Longlong, in the summer of 2014, they led a team to five Central Asian countries to investigate the development of local commerce and trade circulation industry, and deeply felt the urgent desire of the local government and people to vigorously develop commercial infrastructure to meet the growing consumer demand. As the "One Belt, One Road" strategy has entered the stage of full implementation, supporting and guiding China supermarket enterprises to enter the Central Asian market along the "Silk Road" is in line with the interests of all countries and has broad prospects.

　　"Construction ‘ Silk Road Supermarket ’ It is of great significance. " Ma Longlong analysis:

　　— — It is conducive to the smooth implementation of the "Belt and Road" strategy.

　　Building a "community of interests" and "community of destiny" of relevant countries is one of the starting points of the "Belt and Road" strategic concept. The construction of "Silk Road Supermarket" is a concrete form of strengthening economic and trade exchanges between China and countries along the route, which can effectively promote the implementation of the strategy and tap the potential of cooperation between China and countries along the route.

　　— — It is conducive to creating a new situation in China’s opening up. China has made remarkable achievements in opening up to the outside world, but the overall pattern is "fast in the east and slow in the west, strong in the sea and weak in the land". The construction of "Silk Road Supermarket" is an important measure to accelerate the pace of China’s opening to the west and help inland border areas move from the edge of opening to the forefront.

　　— — Is conducive to establishing a new diplomatic image of China. Countries along the "Belt and Road" are rich in energy, but daily necessities and fresh food are relatively scarce. The construction of "Silk Road Supermarket" is conducive to reversing China’s diplomatic image with the main purpose of "purchasing resources" and enhancing its diplomatic affinity.

　　— — Conducive to China’s circulation industry going out. In July 2012, the State Council put forward the strategy of "going out" for the circulation industry. The construction of "Silk Road Supermarket" will be a vivid practice of this strategy and will also provide valuable experience for later enterprises.

　　In view of the characteristics of the five Central Asian countries, such as sufficient purchasing power, vast territory and sparsely populated, Ma Longlong believes that a perfect supply chain is one of the key factors for successfully building a "Silk Road Supermarket", and small and medium-sized supermarkets should become the main format of the "Silk Road Supermarket", while private enterprises are more suitable as the main business entities of the "Silk Road Supermarket". Ma Longlong suggested that the government should encourage and guide domestic private supermarket enterprises to go out and build small and medium-sized supermarkets mainly engaged in daily necessities and fresh food in countries along the Belt and Road; The government has invested in the construction of transportation infrastructure and public welfare logistics and distribution centers in countries along the route, and introduced preferential policies for the import and export of goods to facilitate the supply of goods; Five Central Asian countries will be used as construction pilots, and when they are mature, they will be deployed to enter the markets of Turkey or other countries.

　　Chinanews. com April 13 th (Zhongxin Finance reporter Zuo Yuqing) Gold fell!

　　On April 12, the international gold price that once broke through the $2,400 mark plunged in intraday trading, and London spot gold closed down 1.25% to $2,343.29 per ounce; COMEX gold futures closed down 0.53% at $2,360.2 per ounce.

　　Affected by this, on April 13th, the domestic gold jewelry price dropped. On that day, the gold jewelry price of Lao Fengxiang was 737 yuan/gram, and that of Chow Tai Fook was 736 yuan/gram, which was about 10 yuan/gram lower than the previous day.

　　International closing price of gold and silver on April 12.

　　What happened?

　　On April 10 -12, the gold price, which had maintained an upward trend before, took a roller coaster ride.

　　On the evening of April 10th, the latest ——CPI data, the most critical inflation data before the Federal Reserve’s May resolution, was released. The CPI of the United States rose by 3.5% year-on-year in March, which was higher than the market expectation of 3.4%, which means that the possibility of the Fed cutting interest rates in June decreased.

　　After the data was released, the international gold and silver prices fell briefly. However, the US PPI growth rate of 2.1% in March announced on the evening of 11th was slightly lower than expected, and the chain growth rate slowed down to 0.2%, which made gold and silver "rebel" again.

　　From April 11th to 12th, the international gold price returned to the upward trend. On the 12th, COMEX gold reached a maximum of $2,448.8 per ounce; Spot gold in London once reached $2,431.78 per ounce, both hitting record highs.

　　However, just as COMEX gold and London spot gold both broke through the $2,400 mark, several Fed officials said that the interest rate cut would be later than previously expected.

　　Federal Reserve official Collins said that it is now expected that the Fed will cut interest rates later than previously expected. Federal Reserve official goolsbee pointed out that the United States is in a contradictory environment, and the Fed must reduce the inflation rate to the target level, and many inflation data are higher than expected. He does not want to impose restrictions on the actions that the Fed may take in future meetings; Federal Reserve official Daley believes that at present, the Fed is moving towards the goal of reducing inflation to 2% as gently as possible, and there is no urgency to cut interest rates.

　　The voice of Fed officials made the re-rising gold dive again at a high level. London spot gold once rose by nearly 2.5%, but then plunged sharply, with a daily decline of 1.25% to $2,343.29 per ounce; COMEX gold futures once rose more than 3% in intraday trading, and finally closed down 0.53% at $2,360.2 per ounce.

　　The skyrocketing gold deviates from "common sense"?

　　It is worth mentioning that the previous skyrocketing performance of gold was regarded as deviating from "common sense".

　　Some insiders believe that gold and the US dollar are rarely "competitive" with each other, reflecting the long-term hidden concerns of the US dollar credit.

　　In January this year, the U.S. Treasury Department issued a report that the total amount of U.S. Treasury bonds reached $34 trillion for the first time, five years ahead of the previous forecast of the U.S. Congressional Budget Office. Some foreign media pointed out that this indicates that it will face political and economic challenges in improving the balance sheet of the United States in the next few years.

　　The expectation of interest rate cuts in the United States is not convincing: since 2023, the frequent revision of non-agricultural data in the United States and the impact of part-time jobs on data have reduced the market’s trust in non-agricultural data; At the same time, although the US CPI data exceeded expectations, the US PPI data released in March on the evening of the 11th suspended inflation anxiety.

　　In addition, under the geopolitical influence and high interest rate environment, the continuous purchase of gold by global central banks is also regarded as an important factor affecting the trend of gold.

　　Huatai Securities’ collection team believes that the central bank’s purchase of gold not only reflects the recognition of the safe-haven nature of gold, but also shows the concern about the stability of the traditional monetary system under the continuous expansion of the Fed’s balance sheet.

　　So, does this mean "the collapse of the dollar credit system"?

　　Pan Helin, an economist, told Zhongxin Finance that the US dollar will remain an international currency for a long time to come. "The gold standard cannot return, so the performance of gold price is the cyclical performance of the US dollar, and it is affected by the cyclical fluctuation of risk-free interest rates."

　　Buy or sell?

　　"Gold will prove itself"-this is a ridicule from gold holders. However, how much room for gold to rise after a "violent" callback? Should investors buy or sell?

　　Industrial Securities pointed out that the general public accounts for a relatively high proportion of gold investors, and professional investors and the public are divided in their perception of the value of gold investment. The judgment of global central banks on the value of gold will include political factors, but if the price of gold deviates too much from the actual value, central banks will also consider the cost and risk of allocating gold.

　　Zhongxin Finance noted that although the price of gold fluctuated in the short term, the scale of several gold ETFs such as Huaan Gold ETF, Bosera Gold ETF, E Fund Gold ETF and Cathay Pacific Gold ETF has reached a record high. According to third-party data, from March 1 to April 12, gold ETFs and gold stock ETFs attracted more than 12 billion yuan.

　　On April 12, Shanghai Gold Exchange issued an announcement, announcing to increase the margin ratio of gold deferred contracts, the price limit and the margin of performance-guaranteed inquiry contracts. At the same time, investors are reminded to do a good job in risk prevention, control their positions reasonably and invest rationally to ensure the stable and healthy operation of the market.

　　Pan Helin believes that it is more likely that the Fed will postpone the interest rate cut at present, but the persistence of the continued rise in gold prices still exists, because although the Fed may delay the interest rate cut, it is inevitable that interest rates will peak. (End)

Tianzhou-1 data map (photo by Gao Jian, Institute 512, Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group)

Cctv news On April 20th, China’s first cargo ship Tianzhou-1 was successfully launched. On April 23rd, Tianzhou-1 successfully rendezvous and docked with Tiangong-2, the first real space laboratory in China. The smooth implementation of the space laboratory mission indicates that China is steadily marching towards the "space station era".

It is reported that Tianzhou-1 was developed by the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group (China Academy of Space Technology) and launched at Wenchang Satellite Launch Base in Hainan. After liftoff, it was monitored and controlled by Beijing Flight Control Center. Behind the success of the "Tianzhou-1" space mission is a group of China astronauts who have worked hard, step by step, and created numerous fruits through independent innovation and self-reliance.

There are such a group of young people in the overall development team of Tianzhou-1 cargo spacecraft in the Fifth Academy of Aerospace. Some of them have been attached to Tianzhou since they were in their twenties, and they grew up with Tianzhou from blueprint to first flight. After six years of hard work, they drew the Tianzhou-1 cargo spacecraft in the plan, built it in the factory building and erected it on the rocket. They used their most precious years and unrepentant youth to lift this boat of hope that carries the future of China’s manned spaceflight project.

"Closed door" for a month, manned space flight is seize the day.

Any complex space mission is inseparable from scientific and thorough top-level design, and the overall system team is responsible for the top-level design of the overall development of Tianzhou-1 cargo spacecraft.

After six years of cold and heat, the overall work of the system runs through the model. In the stage of project demonstration, the overall team of the system needs to come up with a high-level skyboat scheme on the basis of inheriting Shenzhou and Tiangong. In the initial sample stage, the team completed the detailed design scheme of fully sealed and semi-open cargo ships in parallel, which "finalized" the classification of future cargo spacecraft; After successfully completing the large-scale tests such as the mechanics, heat, electromagnetic compatibility and large-scale system connection of the cargo ship, the team began to engage in intense double-track operations. Some designers went to Wenchang base to carry out the joint training of fully sealed ships, while others stayed in Beijing to continue to carry out in-depth research and development of semi-sealed ships … …

This team is responsible for the system scheme, flight scheme, technical status, large-scale test, technical process, reliability and safety, cargo loading, etc. of Tianzhou-1 cargo spacecraft. It is no exaggeration to say that the overall team of the system has concentrated most of the creators of Tianzhou-1, and it is their wisdom that has enabled Tianzhou to move from scheme to production, from large-scale test to model first flight. The "God Boat" that makes up this team is a group of young party member, whose youngest is 32 years old and the oldest is 35 years old.

From the layman’s point of view, the successful launch of the Tianzhou-1 cargo spacecraft may be a feat of refueling in space, but for astronauts, the inherent improvement of the cargo ship makes them more proud. Zhang Jian, deputy director of the overall research office of manned spacecraft, said that the overall team of the system has designed a brand-new track for cargo ships, which is more fuel-saving and has stronger docking adaptability.

Before each spacecraft development turns to a new stage, the overall system team will have a "convergence", just like closed-door training. What impressed Zhang Jian the most was that before Tianzhou No.1 left the factory, nine colleagues "isolated themselves" in a conference room, working from eight o’clock in the morning until after midnight for more than a month. For more than a month, colleagues from my hometown simply lived near the unit to save time, and everyone ate some biscuits and bread when they were hungry in the middle of the night.

In the "closed door", the team systematically summarized and verified, checked the product status, and prepared for the mission, and checked the massive data of 148 system-level test projects bit by bit, and deduced 107 key events, more than 4,800 command-level actions and 328 flight control plans in the flight mission one by one … … Along the way, they didn’t have time to be quiet, but they were more like Dai Yue, accompanied by servants chasing time. They won confidence and the ability to design the future in the process of manned space flight.

Tianzhou-1 was successfully launched, and the staff at the electric survey site took a group photo to celebrate.

Localization of Core Components Interpreting Life with Strong and Weak Electricity

What is the overall team responsible for? It can be summed up in one sentence that they are in charge of all projects related to "electricity". Yu Lei, Li Guangri, Wang Jinghua, Wang Hongjia, and Sun Ben have their own ideas from energy system, information system, top-level software design to electromagnetic compatibility design. From the beginning of dealing with Tianzhou-1, they have paid hard work that ordinary people can’t imagine.

Whether it is the application of 100-volt high-voltage fully distributed distribution system and high-voltage lithium battery, or the "space-based" measurement and control system of cargo ships and the internal Ethernet high-speed information system, and then planning the power supply and information flow separately for the load, from strong electricity to weak electricity, what the overall team of electricity needs to establish is a set of brand-new electronic and information systems. "I can’t learn from it, starting from scratch." Chief designer Yu Lei said. At the beginning of the development, qualified power supply modules and high-speed transmission wires that meet the requirements could not be found. They ran all over the manufacturers and did all kinds of tests just to pave the way for the future.

There is no domestic power supply that meets the requirements, and the team will jointly develop it with the manufacturers on the basis of a lot of research. In the end, Tianzhou-1 adopted the domestic 100V thick film power module for the first time on the domestic spacecraft. This power module broke through the foreign blockade restrictions and was applied to all the key electronic stand-alone machines of the whole ship, laying the foundation for 100V high-voltage transmission, optimizing the power distribution equipment and cable weight of the whole ship for dozens of kilograms, and promoting the localization process of spacecraft core component design.

Tianzhou-1 electric survey site

Entering the normal sample stage, the work goal has become to improve robustness and reliability. In order to reassure myself completely, with the help of the designers of the overall circuit subsystem, Wang Lintao and Li Huijun, the team began to measure the resistance of tens of thousands of nodes in the whole ship after the night work, which lasted for several days. This kind of test, they did it again before power-on, and they did it again for the third time after the ship’s equipment software was upgraded. Yu Lei proudly introduced: "From the beginning, it was very reassuring to power up the whole ship!"

From the beginning of November 2016 to April 2017, the whole ship has been electrified for more than 1,900 hours in more than five months. Behind the converted average of more than 10 hours a day, there is a long-term continuous work with a total length of more than 12 hours a day. These are only part of the overall work of electricity. Yu Lei said that as long as the cargo ship is connected with a little electricity, his team must be there.

Six years of grinding a sword "digital boat" into reality

The machinery is generally responsible for the work, some of which go straight to the top, and some of which are detailed to the parts, and the core members of this team are only three young people — — Jia Dongyong, Guo Junhui and Han Bin.

Hundreds of designers, on a unified digital platform, design their own parts according to common rules and their respective authorities, without paper drawings and documents and manual approval. Through the digital process, the data of "Digital Skyboat" is transmitted to the manufacturing equipment, and various real structures, components and pipelines … … This used to be a slightly hopeful future, and the only way to the future was opened by the overall mechanical team.

In the past six years, under the guidance of old experts, the overall mechanical team has created many "revolutionary" precedents, one of which is the first to promote three-dimensional digital development. Jia Dongyong proudly said: "We are coordinating our work now, without paper documents, and directly open the computer to discuss the model."

What makes the machinery equally proud is their freight guarantee design. The cargo ship is a brand-new model, ranging from loading scheme, layout balance, small arrival package design to fine interface design, all from scratch. Nowadays, the cargo ship with a full load of 13.5 tons has an excellent cargo ratio of 0.48 and the hanging eccentricity level is kept at 3 mm. Behind these impressive data, it is the crystallization of the overall wisdom of machinery.

Group photo of the word "Tianzhou" in Tianzhou No.1 team group.

Regard Tianzhou No.1 as their own children, devote their efforts to grow up with them, but when it comes to family, these "desperate Saburo" are silent again. Some of them think of their parents who are seriously ill in their hometown, some are ashamed of their children who have been sent back to their hometown, and some are full of apologies for silently bearing too many wives … … This is a group of glorious and great astronauts, but also a group of ordinary astronauts. On the road of manned engineering and the journey of becoming a space power, they are working hard without regret. They lifted Tianzhou-1, which traveled in space, and also wrote Chinese’s own pride.